GEOGRAPHICAL ORIGINS OF THE HODEGETRIA & MARIA AVVOCATA

 MADONNA DEL CONFORTO, Madonna of Comfort in Rome, is a contact copy of the original Hodegetria, an encaustic on canvas sent to western Emperor Valentinian III at the birth of his daughter in 439, first installed in Santa Maria Antiqua in the Roman Forum, then in the 800s moved to Santa Maria Nova, now the Basilica of Santa Francesca Romana in the Roman Forum, painted over 1200s, uncovered 1950.





MADONNA DI SAN SISTO in Rome, Icon was brought to Rome from Constantinople by 3 brothers on Christ’s orders and given to Santa Maria in Tempulo, moved in 1221 to San Sisto, moved again in 1575 to Santi Domenico e Sisto, then in 1931 moved to Santa Maria del Rosario a Monte Mario.  It is now known as Madonna del Rosario a Monte Mario.





SALUS POPULI ROMANI, meaning Health of the Roman People, Icon was painted on a cedar tabletop made by the young Jesus, moved by St. Helena from Jerusalem to Constantinople or Rome, in La Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome, where Gregory the Great had it carried through the city in the deadly Bubonic Plague of 590s.  Another time another Pope Gregory, Pope Gregory XVI had it carried through the streets of Rome again during the Cholera Plague of the late 18th century.  





The MADONNA ARACOELI, MADONNA OF THE GOLDEN HANDS, in the Church of Santa Maria in Ara Coeli at Piazza Venezia is a Beechwood Icon said to have come from Jerusalem by way of Chalkoprateia Church of the Theotokos in Constantinople to Rome in the 400s.






The MADONNA AVVOCATA in Palazzo Barberini is said to be brought by Nuns from Constantinople to Rome c750 with relics of St. Gregory Nazianzen and first installed in Church of San Gregorio Nazianzeno in Campo Marzio.






MADONNA DI SAN LUCA IN SANTA MARIA DEL POPOLO, Rome, Madonna of the People, in 1231 Pope Gregory IX moved this Icon from the Lateran Sancta Sanctorum to the Church of Santa Maria del Popolo in Piazza del Popolo.






MADONNA DELLE GRAZIE, Rome, Icon given by Emperor Constans II to Pope Vitalian (possibly in 663), the Pope built a Church to house it, it moved in 1088 to a new Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie al Foro Romano, moved again in 1876 to Santa Maria Della Consolazione, stolen in 1960, a new copy by Alfonso Caccese installed in 2003 at Cappella di Santa Maria delle Grazie.





VERGINE AVVOCATA, Rome, CHURCH OF SANTA MARIA IN VIA LATA, said painted when St. Paul was under house arrest by his secretary St. Luke in what is now the church crypt.  The Panagia Agiosoritissa or Hagiosoritissa (Greek: Ἁγιοσορίτισσα) is the name for a type of Marian icon, showing Mary without child, slightly from the side with both hands raised in prayer.  The type is known in Latin as Maria Advocata.



Maria Advocata (Madonna del Rosario), c. 6th century










OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP has a popular tradition where a Merchant acquired the Icon from the Island of Crete and had it shipped to Rome toward the end of the 15th century where it was housed in the Church of St. Matthew.  It was called The Madonna of St. Matthew.  After Napoleon destroyed the Church of St. Matthew in 1812, the Icon moved to the Church of Saint Mary in Posterula for the next forty years.  In 1866 Pope Pius IX gave the Icon to the Redemptorists who had just built the Church of St. Alphonsus in Rome.


THE TWO ANGELS OVER HER SHOULDERS DO NOT SHOW IN THIS COPY AND PASTE, but THEY ARE THERE IN THE ORIGINAL IMAGE.





Sandra Panici, The Roman Pilgrim in Person in Rome

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